rpm包
系统包所在路径
系统版本 |
目录 |
rhel6 |
/mnt/Packages |
rhel5 |
/mnt/Server |
rhel2,3,4 |
/mnt/RedHat/RPMS |
rpm -ivf 安装某个rpm包
rpm -ivf --force 强制重新安装
rpm -ivf --nodeps 忽略依赖关系安装
rpm -qf /usr/bin/mysql 查看执行文件所属的包
rpm -qfi /usr/bin/mysql 查看执行文件所属包的描述信息
rpm -qpi mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm 查看执行文件所属包的描述信息
rpm -qpl mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm 查看包里面的文件
rpm -qfl /usr/bin/mysql 查看执行文件所属包里面的文件
rpm -ivf --root /tmp/mysql --nodeps mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm 解压出包里面的文件
rpm -e 删除
rpm --import ../RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 导入密钥
rpm -Vf /usr/bin/mysql 查看文件是否修改过
安装的时候,会遇到很多依赖关系的问题
范例,使用系统镜像文件里面带的rpm包安装mysql,系统版本 centos 6.6 minimal
需要安装的包有
[root@localhost Packages]# ls | grep -i "^mysql.*" | grep -v conne | grep -v python | grep -v i686
mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm
mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm
mysql-devel-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm
mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm
mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm
mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm
直接安装mysql,缺少perl支持
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf `ls | grep -i "^mysql.*" | grep -v conne | grep -v python | grep -v i686`
warning: mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Exporter) is needed by mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Fcntl) is needed by mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(File::Temp) is needed by mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(IPC::Open3) is needed by mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Sys::Hostname) is needed by mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Benchmark) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Cwd) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(DBI) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Data::Dumper) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(POSIX) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(sigtrap) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
openssl-devel is needed by mysql-devel-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(DBI) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Data::Dumper) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(File::Basename) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(File::Copy) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(File::Path) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(File::Temp) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(POSIX) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Sys::Hostname) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(strict) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(vars) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl-DBD-MySQL is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl-DBI is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Carp) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Config) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Cwd) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Data::Dumper) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(English) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Exporter) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Fcntl) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(File::Basename) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(File::Copy) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(File::Find) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(File::Path) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(File::Spec) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(File::Spec::Functions) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(File::Temp) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(IO::File) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(IO::Handle) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(IO::Pipe) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(IO::Select) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(IO::Socket) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(IO::Socket::INET) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Memoize) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(POSIX) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Sys::Hostname) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Time::HiRes) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Time::localtime) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(base) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(constant) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(if) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(lib) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(strict) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(warnings) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
安装perl,需要perl-libs
rpm -ivf perl-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: perl-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libperl.so()(64bit) is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
perl(Module::Pluggable) is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
perl(Pod::Simple) is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
perl(version) is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
perl-libs is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
perl-libs = 4:5.10.1-136.el6 is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
安装perl-libs,失败,和上面的包互相需要,这种时候需要两个包一起安装,并且很多这种模块的包都是互相
rpm -ivf perl-libs-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: perl-libs-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
perl = 4:5.10.1-136.el6 is needed by perl-libs-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
同时安装,又和其他的互相依赖,同理,全都一起安装
rpm -ivf perl-libs-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: perl-libs-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
perl(Module::Pluggable) is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
perl(Pod::Simple) is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
perl(version) is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
再次安装
rpm -ivf perl-libs-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-Module-Pluggable-3.90-136.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-Pod-Simple-3.13-136.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-version-0.77-136.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-136.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: perl-libs-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing packages for installation...
perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-136.el6
perl-Module-Pluggable-3.90-136.el6
perl-version-0.77-136.el6
perl-Pod-Simple-3.13-136.el6
perl-libs-5.10.1-136.el6
perl-5.10.1-136.el6
再次安装mysql,根据提示安装所有mysql需要的程序,使用命令的关键字查看包,然后安装,提示变少了
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf `ls | grep -i "^mysql.*" | grep -v conne | grep -v python | grep -v i686`
warning: mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
perl(DBI) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
openssl-devel is needed by mysql-devel-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(DBI) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl-DBD-MySQL is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl-DBI is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Time::HiRes) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
安装perl-DBI
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing packages for installation...
perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6
再安装mysql查看需要的包
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf `ls | grep -i "^mysql.*" | grep -v conne | grep -v python | grep -v i686`
warning: mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
openssl-devel is needed by mysql-devel-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl-DBD-MySQL is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Time::HiRes) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
安装openssl-devel
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
krb5-devel is needed by openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64
zlib-devel is needed by openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64
加上这两个再安装
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6.x86_64.rpm zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
keyutils-libs-devel is needed by krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6.x86_64
libcom_err-devel is needed by krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6.x86_64
libselinux-devel is needed by krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6.x86_64
又出现新的,再加
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6.x86_64.rpm zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm keyutils-libs-devel-1.4-5.el6.x86_64.rpm libcom_err-devel-1.41.12-21.el6.x86_64.rpm libselinux-devel-2.0.94-5.8.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libsepol-devel >= 2.0.32-1 is needed by libselinux-devel-2.0.94-5.8.el6.x86_64
pkgconfig(libsepol) is needed by libselinux-devel-2.0.94-5.8.el6.x86_64
安装
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6.x86_64.rpm zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm keyutils-libs-devel-1.4-5.el6.x86_64.rpm libcom_err-devel-1.41.12-21.el6.x86_64.rpm libselinux-devel-2.0.94-5.8.el6.x86_64.rpm libsepol-2.0.41-4.el6.x86_64.rpm libsepol-devel-2.0.41-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing packages for installation...
package libsepol-2.0.41-4.el6.x86_64 is already installed
提示有个包已经安装,去掉这个,再安装
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6.x86_64.rpm zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm keyutils-libs-devel-1.4-5.el6.x86_64.rpm libcom_err-devel-1.41.12-21.el6.x86_64.rpm libselinux-devel-2.0.94-5.8.el6.x86_64.rpm libsepol-devel-2.0.41-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing packages for installation...
libsepol-devel-2.0.41-4.el6
libselinux-devel-2.0.94-5.8.el6
libcom_err-devel-1.41.12-21.el6
keyutils-libs-devel-1.4-5.el6
krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6
zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6
openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6
再安装mysql查看需要的包
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf `ls | grep -i "^mysql.*" | grep -v conne | grep -v python | grep -v i686`
warning: mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
perl-DBD-MySQL is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
perl(Time::HiRes) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
安装这个两个包
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-Time-HiRes-1.9721-136.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing packages for installation...
perl-Time-HiRes-1.9721-136.el6
perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6
再安装mysql
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf `ls | grep -i "^mysql.*" | grep -v conne | grep -v python | grep -v i686`
warning: mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing packages for installation...
package mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64 is already installed
去掉这个提示的已经安装过的包,再安装
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf `ls | grep -i "^mysql.*" | grep -v conne | grep -v python | grep -v i686 | grep -v mysql-libs`
warning: mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing packages for installation...
mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5
mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5
mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5
mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5
mysql-devel-5.1.73-3.el6_5