rpm包安装

rpm包

系统包所在路径

rpm -ivf 安装某个rpm包
rpm -ivf --force 强制重新安装
rpm -ivf --nodeps 忽略依赖关系安装
rpm -qf /usr/bin/mysql 查看执行文件所属的包
rpm -qfi /usr/bin/mysql 查看执行文件所属包的描述信息
rpm -qpi mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm 查看执行文件所属包的描述信息
rpm -qpl mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm 查看包里面的文件
rpm -qfl /usr/bin/mysql 查看执行文件所属包里面的文件
rpm -ivf --root /tmp/mysql --nodeps mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm 解压出包里面的文件
rpm -e 删除
rpm --import ../RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 导入密钥
rpm -Vf /usr/bin/mysql 查看文件是否修改过

安装的时候，会遇到很多依赖关系的问题
范例,使用系统镜像文件里面带的rpm包安装mysql，系统版本 centos 6.6 minimal

需要安装的包有

[root@localhost Packages]# ls | grep -i "^mysql.*" | grep -v conne | grep -v python | grep -v i686
mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm
mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm
mysql-devel-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm
mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm
mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm
mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm

直接安装mysql，缺少perl支持

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf `ls | grep -i "^mysql.*" | grep -v conne | grep -v python | grep -v i686`
warning: mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    /usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Exporter) is needed by mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Fcntl) is needed by mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(File::Temp) is needed by mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(IPC::Open3) is needed by mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Sys::Hostname) is needed by mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    /usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Benchmark) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Cwd) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(DBI) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Data::Dumper) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(POSIX) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(sigtrap) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    openssl-devel is needed by mysql-devel-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    /usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(DBI) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Data::Dumper) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(File::Basename) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(File::Copy) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(File::Path) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(File::Temp) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(POSIX) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Sys::Hostname) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(strict) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(vars) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl-DBD-MySQL is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl-DBI is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    /usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Carp) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Config) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Cwd) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Data::Dumper) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(English) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Exporter) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Fcntl) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(File::Basename) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(File::Copy) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(File::Find) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(File::Path) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(File::Spec) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(File::Spec::Functions) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(File::Temp) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(IO::File) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(IO::Handle) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(IO::Pipe) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(IO::Select) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(IO::Socket) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(IO::Socket::INET) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Memoize) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(POSIX) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Sys::Hostname) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Time::HiRes) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Time::localtime) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(base) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(constant) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(if) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(lib) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(strict) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(warnings) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64

安装perl,需要perl-libs

rpm -ivf perl-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: perl-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    libperl.so()(64bit) is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
    perl(Module::Pluggable) is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
    perl(Pod::Simple) is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
    perl(version) is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
    perl-libs is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
    perl-libs = 4:5.10.1-136.el6 is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64

安装perl-libs,失败，和上面的包互相需要，这种时候需要两个包一起安装，并且很多这种模块的包都是互相

rpm -ivf perl-libs-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: perl-libs-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    perl = 4:5.10.1-136.el6 is needed by perl-libs-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64

同时安装,又和其他的互相依赖，同理，全都一起安装

rpm -ivf perl-libs-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: perl-libs-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    perl(Module::Pluggable) is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
    perl(Pod::Simple) is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64
    perl(version) is needed by perl-4:5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64

再次安装

rpm -ivf perl-libs-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-Module-Pluggable-3.90-136.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-Pod-Simple-3.13-136.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-version-0.77-136.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-136.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: perl-libs-5.10.1-136.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing packages for installation...
perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-136.el6
perl-Module-Pluggable-3.90-136.el6
perl-version-0.77-136.el6
perl-Pod-Simple-3.13-136.el6
perl-libs-5.10.1-136.el6
perl-5.10.1-136.el6

再次安装mysql，根据提示安装所有mysql需要的程序，使用命令的关键字查看包，然后安装，提示变少了

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf `ls | grep -i "^mysql.*" | grep -v conne | grep -v python | grep -v i686`
warning: mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    perl(DBI) is needed by mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    openssl-devel is needed by mysql-devel-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(DBI) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl-DBD-MySQL is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl-DBI is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Time::HiRes) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64

安装perl-DBI

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing packages for installation...
perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6

再安装mysql查看需要的包

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf `ls | grep -i "^mysql.*" | grep -v conne | grep -v python | grep -v i686`
warning: mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    openssl-devel is needed by mysql-devel-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl-DBD-MySQL is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Time::HiRes) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64

安装openssl-devel

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    krb5-devel is needed by openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64
    zlib-devel is needed by openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64

加上这两个再安装

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6.x86_64.rpm zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    keyutils-libs-devel is needed by krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6.x86_64
    libcom_err-devel is needed by krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6.x86_64
    libselinux-devel is needed by krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6.x86_64

又出现新的，再加

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6.x86_64.rpm zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm keyutils-libs-devel-1.4-5.el6.x86_64.rpm libcom_err-devel-1.41.12-21.el6.x86_64.rpm libselinux-devel-2.0.94-5.8.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    libsepol-devel >= 2.0.32-1 is needed by libselinux-devel-2.0.94-5.8.el6.x86_64
    pkgconfig(libsepol) is needed by libselinux-devel-2.0.94-5.8.el6.x86_64

安装

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6.x86_64.rpm zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm keyutils-libs-devel-1.4-5.el6.x86_64.rpm libcom_err-devel-1.41.12-21.el6.x86_64.rpm libselinux-devel-2.0.94-5.8.el6.x86_64.rpm libsepol-2.0.41-4.el6.x86_64.rpm libsepol-devel-2.0.41-4.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing packages for installation...
    package libsepol-2.0.41-4.el6.x86_64 is already installed

提示有个包已经安装，去掉这个，再安装

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6.x86_64.rpm zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm keyutils-libs-devel-1.4-5.el6.x86_64.rpm libcom_err-devel-1.41.12-21.el6.x86_64.rpm libselinux-devel-2.0.94-5.8.el6.x86_64.rpm libsepol-devel-2.0.41-4.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing packages for installation...
libsepol-devel-2.0.41-4.el6
libselinux-devel-2.0.94-5.8.el6
libcom_err-devel-1.41.12-21.el6
keyutils-libs-devel-1.4-5.el6
krb5-devel-1.10.3-33.el6
zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6
openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6

再安装mysql查看需要的包

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf `ls | grep -i "^mysql.*" | grep -v conne | grep -v python | grep -v i686`
warning: mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    perl-DBD-MySQL is needed by mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
    perl(Time::HiRes) is needed by mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64

安装这个两个包

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-Time-HiRes-1.9721-136.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing packages for installation...
perl-Time-HiRes-1.9721-136.el6
perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6

再安装mysql

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf `ls | grep -i "^mysql.*" | grep -v conne | grep -v python | grep -v i686`
warning: mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing packages for installation...
    package mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64 is already installed

去掉这个提示的已经安装过的包，再安装

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivf `ls | grep -i "^mysql.*" | grep -v conne | grep -v python | grep -v i686 | grep -v mysql-libs`
warning: mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing packages for installation...
mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5
mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5
mysql-test-5.1.73-3.el6_5
mysql-bench-5.1.73-3.el6_5
mysql-devel-5.1.73-3.el6_5